Characteristics
of Guinea Pigs Which Enhance Their Use in Research
by Stacy Pritt,
Elm Hill attending Veterinarian
1. Long
Gestation Period with Mature Central Nervous System at Birth - Important for
toxicology and teratology studies.
2. Sensitivity
of Respiratory System - Important for asthma and environmental pollution
studies.
3. Quiet, Calm Disposition - Important
for entomology studies. Can be used to test repellents and insecticides,
and as feeding source for biting insects.
4. Anatomy of the Guinea Pig Ear and Associated Structures - Important
for Inner Ear Studies because it is easily dissected and exposed.
5. Vitamin C Requirement - Important for wound healing, as well as bone,
tooth and atherosclerosis studies.
6. Guinea Pig Serum - Possesses Hemlytic Complement
with Higher Activity Levels than Other Lab Animals. Widely used as a source
of complement for
complement fixation test.
7. Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases - Can
be used as sentinel animals because of their acute susceptibility to Coxiella
burnetii. Mycobacterium
sp. Listeriosis.
8. Similar Immune System to Man - Guinea Pig immune system possesses a
similar antigen-macrophage interaction to man and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity
reaction.
9. High Dietary Requirements - For folic acid, thiamin, arginine and potassium
make guinea pigs useful in nutrition studies.
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